Vipassana ("insight") is one of the oldest Buddhist meditation techniques. It involves observing bodily sensations with equanimity to understand the impermanent nature of all experience.
Zazen is the seated meditation of Zen Buddhism. In lotus posture, facing the wall, the practitioner sits "without goal or gain" — simply being present, letting thoughts pass like clouds in the sky.
Transcendental Meditation, taught by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, uses a personally assigned mantra repeated silently to transcend thought and reach pure consciousness. Practiced 20 minutes twice daily.
Trataka is a yogic meditation technique of gazing at a candle flame without blinking, then visualizing the afterimage with eyes closed. This purification practice improves concentration, memory and vision, and serves as a powerful gateway to deep meditation.