Muscle Testing in Kinesiology

Presentation

Muscle testing (Manual Muscle Testing — MMT) is kinesiology's signature technique. Unlike the muscle strength test used in physiotherapy (measuring raw power), the kinesiological test evaluates the quality of neuromuscular response: the muscle's ability to instantly "lock" in response to light to moderate external pressure.

Physiological Basis

Muscle testing relies on the myotatic reflex (stretch reflex) and the gamma neuromuscular circuit. When pressure is applied, neuromuscular spindles detect stretch and trigger a reflex contraction. Response quality depends on the complete neurological circuit integrity. Any stress disrupting this circuit manifests as altered muscle response.

Testing Technique

Muscle testing follows precise protocol: standardized positioning, progressive perpendicular pressure (2-3 seconds), moderate resistance (2-3 kg), and evaluation of whether the muscle "locks" (strong = intact circuit) or "gives way" (weak = disrupted circuit).

Types of Tests

• Baseline test: isolated muscle tone evaluation
• Challenge test: pressure on a body zone during testing
• Stimulus test: presenting a food or substance during testing
• Verbal test: verbalizing an affirmation during testing
• Therapy localization (TL): client touches a body zone during testing

Reliability and Limitations

Muscle testing reliability is scientifically debated. Studies show acceptable intra-examiner reliability but more variable inter-examiner reliability. Experienced kinesiologists insist on calibrating the test at session start and always corroborating results with anamnesis and client feedback.