The Foundations of Psychoanalysis
Psychoanalysis, founded by Sigmund Freud in the late 19th century, constitutes the first systematic attempt to explore the human unconscious. More than a therapeutic method, it is a comprehensive theory of psychic functioning that revolutionized our understanding of sexuality, dreams, language and human suffering. This article traces the historical origins of psychoanalysis, its founding concepts and its evolution over a century of clinical practice and intellectual debate.