Electrotherapy & Physiotherapy: TENS, Ultrasound, Shockwave
Set of techniques using physical energy (electricity, ultrasound, mechanical waves) to modulate pain, stimulate healing and rehabilitate musculoskeletal tissues.
Presentation
Electrotherapy and instrumental physiotherapy encompass several complementary modalities used by physiotherapists: transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), therapeutic ultrasound and extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT). These techniques are always used as complements to manual and active rehabilitation.
TENS — Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
Principle: Low-frequency electrical currents applied via skin electrodes. Conventional mode (Gate Control) or acupuncture-like mode (endorphin stimulation). Indications: Chronic pain, low back pain, arthralgia, post-operative pain, diabetic neuropathy. Contraindications: Pacemaker, pregnancy (uterine area), thrombosis.
Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT)
Principle: High-energy acoustic waves applied to target tissue. Radial or focused waves. Promote neovascularization, tendon regeneration and break up calcifications. Indications: Calcifying tendinopathies (shoulder), resistant lateral epicondylitis, chronic plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendinopathy, trochanteric bursitis. Contraindications: Coagulation disorders, anticoagulants, tumors, pregnancy, non-ossified bone.
Medical Disclaimer
The information presented in this article is provided for educational and informational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment prescription. If in doubt, always consult your physician or a qualified healthcare professional. The techniques described do not replace conventional medical treatment.