Existential Psychotherapy
A philosophical therapeutic approach exploring fundamental concerns of human existence — death, freedom, isolation and meaning — to help live more authentically.
Presentation
Existential psychotherapy is founded on existentialist philosophy (Kierkegaard, Heidegger, Sartre) and developed therapeutically by Rollo May, Irvin Yalom, Emmy van Deurzen and Ernesto Spinelli. Yalom identified four 'ultimate concerns': death, freedom, existential isolation and meaninglessness.
Key figures: Rollo May, Irvin D. Yalom, Emmy van Deurzen, Ernesto Spinelli
Core Principles
Death: mortality awareness as catalyst for change. Freedom: radical responsibility for choices. Isolation: fundamental aloneness. Meaning: creating meaning in a meaning-free universe.
Main Indications
- Existential crisis
- Death anxiety
- Existential vacuum depression
- Major life transitions
- Serious illness
- Grief
Session Overview
50-60 minute face-to-face sessions with deep philosophical dialogue rather than standardized techniques.
Variations
- Existential-humanistic (May)
- Group existential (Yalom)
- Existential analysis (Binswanger, Boss)
- British existential (van Deurzen, Spinelli)
Contraindications
- Active psychosis
- Need for urgent structured treatment
- Severe cognitive impairment
Medical Disclaimer
The information presented in this article is provided for educational and informational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment prescription. If in doubt, always consult your physician or a qualified healthcare professional. The techniques described do not replace conventional medical treatment.