Relational-Intersubjective Therapy
A modern psychodynamic school viewing the therapeutic relationship itself as the main change agent, emphasizing mutual co-construction of experience between patient and therapist.
Presentation
Relational-intersubjective therapy is a contemporary psychodynamic school developed from the 1980s in the United States, primarily through Stephen Mitchell, Lewis Aron, Jessica Benjamin and Robert Stolorow. This school integrates attachment theory (Bowlby), object relations psychoanalysis (Winnicott, Fairbairn) and intersubjective philosophy to propose a 'two-person psychology' model replacing Freud's classical 'one-person' model.
The central postulate is that the psyche forms and transforms in and through relationships. The therapist is not a neutral screen but an active participant whose subjectivity influences the process. Healing comes not from correct interpretation of unconscious content but from the new, reparative relational experience within the therapeutic relationship itself.
Founders: Stephen Mitchell (1946–2000), Lewis Aron, Jessica Benjamin, Robert Stolorow
Core Principles
Intersubjectivity: the session is an intersubjective field co-created by both participants.
Asymmetric mutuality: the therapist is an authentic participant but the relationship remains asymmetric (centered on patient needs).
Mutual recognition: Jessica Benjamin's concept — psychic development requires recognizing the other as autonomous subject.
Enactments: moments where patient and therapist are 'caught' in unconscious relational patterns are crucial therapeutic opportunities.
Main Indications
- Attachment disorders and insecure relational styles
- Chronic relational difficulties
- Depression with relational component
- Chronic loneliness and isolation
- Early relational trauma
- Personality disorders (borderline organization)
Session Overview
Therapy takes place face-to-face, 1-2 times weekly, for 1-3 years. The therapist is more engaged than in classical analysis, attending to emotional atmosphere, connection/disconnection moments and micro-ruptures/repairs in the alliance. Central work focuses on what happens 'between' the two people in the room.
Variations
- Relational psychoanalysis (Mitchell, Aron)
- Intersubjective psychoanalysis (Stolorow, Atwood)
- Recognition theory (Benjamin)
- Self psychology (Kohut — precursor)
- Brief relational therapy (Safran, Muran)
Contraindications
- Active psychosis
- Severe antisocial personality disorder
- Exclusive demand for structured techniques
- Severe active unstabilized addiction
Medical Disclaimer
The information presented in this article is provided for educational and informational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment prescription. If in doubt, always consult your physician or a qualified healthcare professional. The techniques described do not replace conventional medical treatment.