Systemic Therapy
An approach treating psychological problems as relational system dysfunctions rather than individual pathologies, by modifying interactions and communication within the system.
Presentation
Systemic therapy considers the individual not in isolation but as an element of a larger relational system. Born from the Palo Alto School (Bateson, Watzlawick), Salvador Minuchin and the Milan School, it posits that an individual's symptom expresses a dysfunction of the system they live in.
Founders: Gregory Bateson, Paul Watzlawick, Salvador Minuchin, Mara Selvini Palazzoli
Core Principles
Circular causality: interactions are feedback loops. Homeostasis: systems tend to maintain equilibrium. Communication: 'One cannot not communicate.' Reframing: modifying the reference frame to change meaning.
Main Indications
- Family conflicts
- Child and adolescent behavioral disorders
- Eating disorders
- Addictions with family component
- Couples problems
Session Overview
Sessions last 60-90 minutes every 2-4 weeks. The family or couple is seen together. The therapist observes live interactions, uses circular questions and reframing. Typical treatment: 10-20 sessions.
Variations
- Structural therapy (Minuchin)
- Strategic therapy (Haley, Watzlawick)
- Milan systemic therapy
- Narrative therapy (White, Epston)
- Brief Palo Alto therapy
Contraindications
- Active domestic violence
- Undisclosed intrafamilial sexual abuse
- Family member in untreated acute psychosis
Medical Disclaimer
The information presented in this article is provided for educational and informational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment prescription. If in doubt, always consult your physician or a qualified healthcare professional. The techniques described do not replace conventional medical treatment.